Optometrists are basic eye care specialists who can examine, diagnose, and medically treat eye conditions. Ophthalmologists are a type of medical doctor who specializes in surgical procedures of the eye. Opticians are customer service specialists who work in vision care centers and optometry offices. A general practice doctor may refer someone to an ophthalmologist if they show symptoms of cataracts, eye infections, optic nerve problems, or other eye conditions. [edit] In this article, we look at what ophthalmologists do, including the types of conditions that they treat, the procedures they perform, and when a person might see this specialist. What is an ophthalmologist? Click here An ophthalmologist is a medical doctor who specializes in diagnosing and treating eye-related conditions. To practice in the United States, ophthalmologists must complete:? 4 years of college and a medical degree a 1-year postgraduate clinical year at least 36 months of residency training that focuses...